China Rolls Out Export Control Measures Targeting Diamonds, Rare Earth Materials, and Lithium Batteries!

On October 9, 2025, China’s Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs jointly issued four announcements under the country’s Export Control Law, Foreign Trade Law, Customs Law, and Regulations on the Export Control of Dual-use Items. These announcements introduced export controls on certain products to protect national security and interests and to meet international non-proliferation commitments.

Export Compliance Requirements

Exporters intending to export the items mentioned below must apply for a license from the competent department of commerce under the State Council in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Export Control Law of the People's Republic of China and the Regulation of the People's Republic of China on the Export Control of Dual-use Items.

Exporters must be responsible for the authenticity of declared goods, and strengthen the identification of exported items. If the items fall under controlled categories, they must mark "Dual-Use Item" in the remarks column of the customs declaration form and list the dual-use item export control code. For items not controlled but with close parameters, indicators, or performance, they must mark "Not a Controlled Item" in the remarks column and provide specific parameters and indicators. Customs will legally question the completeness, accuracy, and authenticity of the declared information if there is doubt, and goods will not be released during the questioning period.

The following four announcements take effect formally on November 8, 2025. The Export Control List of Dual-Use Items of the People's Republic of China is updated simultaneously.

Ministry of Commerce General Administration of Customs Announcement No. 55 of 2025: Decision on Imposing Export Controls on Items Related to Ultra-Hard Materials

Controlled items include:

• 2C902.a. Synthetic diamond powder with an average particle size ≤ 50 μm
• 2C902.b. Synthetic diamond monocrystal with an average particle size > 50 μm and ≤ 500 μm
• 2C902.c. Synthetic diamond wire saws with specific characteristics
• 2C902.d. Synthetic diamond grinding wheels with specific characteristics
• 2B005.b. Direct Current Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (DCPCVD) equipment
• 2E902. Direct Current Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (DCPCVD) process technology

For detailed item descriptions, see:

http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/zwgk/zcfb/art/2025/art_949f47563b834dad95b0010f375a892c.html

Ministry of Commerce General Administration of Customs Announcement No. 56 of 2025: Decision on Imposing Export Controls on Certain Items Related to Rare Earth Equipment, Raw Materials, and Auxiliary Materials

Controlled items include:

• 2B902 Rare Earth Production and Processing Equipment

• • 2B902.a. Centrifugal extraction equipment for rare earth production and processing
  • 2B902.b. Intelligent continuous impurity removal and precipitation equipment for ion-adsorption rare earth ores with a daily leaching solution processing capacity ≥ 5000 m³
  • 2B902.c. Roasting kilns for rare earths with specific characteristics
  • 2B902.d. Extraction tanks with mixing chamber volumes of 0.5~14.2m³ for rare earth separation and purification
  • 2B902.e. Ion adsorption equipment for rare earth separation and purification
  • 2B902.f. Precipitation crystallization reaction tanks for rare earths with reaction tank volumes of 10~50 m³
  • 2B902.g. Parts and components for items controlled under 2B902.f
  • 2B902.h. Resistance furnaces for rare earths with specific characteristics
  • 2B902.i. Specific equipment for rare earth metal electrolysis
  • 2B902.j. Rare earth electrolytic cells with specific characteristics
  • 2B902.k. Vacuum induction reduction furnaces with specific characteristics
  • 2B902.l. Vacuum carbon tube furnaces with specific characteristics
  • 2B902.m. Czochralski method rare earth crystal growth furnaces with specific characteristics
  • 2B902.n. Bridgman method (crucible descent) rare earth crystal growth furnaces with specific characteristics
  • 2B902.o. Rare earth permanent magnet vacuum induction strip casting furnaces
  • 2B902.p. Parts and components for items controlled under 2B902.o
  • 2B902.q. Rare earth permanent magnet hydrogen decrepitation (HD) furnaces
  • 2B902.r. Parts and components for items controlled under 2B902.q
  • 2B902.s. Airflow mills for rare earth permanent magnets with specific characteristics
  • 2B902.t. Rare earth permanent magnet forming presses containing magnetization fields with magnetic induction intensity ≥ 1.5T
  • 2B902.u. Automatic hot pressing equipment for rare earth permanent magnets
  • 2B902.v. Cold isostatic presses for rare earth permanent magnets not controlled under 2B104 (Refer to Tariff Code: 84798310)
  • 2B902.w. Rare earth permanent magnet vacuum sintering furnaces with cooling time ≤ 20 min, heating temperature 500~1200 ℃, and temperature uniformity within ±3 ℃ at 1000 ℃
  • 2B902.x. Equipment for processing rare earth magnetic materials
  • 2B902.y. Grain boundary diffusion equipment
  • 2B902.z. Shaft kilns with dimensions ≥ Φ19×21 m for rare earth secondary resource recycling

• 1C914 Items Related to Rare Earth Raw Materials and Auxiliary Materials

• • 1C914.a. Rare earth ores
  • 1C914.b. Flotation reagents for rare earth ores containing hydroxamic acid or phosphate ester collectors
  • 1C914.c. Extractants for rare earth production

For detailed item descriptions, see:

http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/zwgk/zcfb/art/2025/art_1315078cebe04210bc35c72a4e7f7967.html

Ministry of Commerce General Administration of Customs Announcement No. 57 of 2025: Decision on Imposing Export Controls on Certain Medium and Heavy Rare Earth Related Items

Controlled items include:

• 1C909 Holmium-related items

• • 1C909.a. Holmium metal, holmium-containing alloys, and related products
  • 1C909.b. Holmium oxide and its mixtures
  • 1C909.c. Holmium-containing compounds and their mixtures

• 1C910 Erbium-related items

• • 1C910.a. Erbium metal, erbium-containing alloys, and related products
  • 1C910.b. Erbium oxide and its mixtures
  • 1C910.c. Erbium-containing compounds and their mixtures

• 1C911 Thulium-related items

• • 1C911.a. Thulium metal, thulium-containing alloys, and related products
  • 1C911.b. Thulium oxide and its mixtures
  • 1C911.c. Thulium-containing compounds and their mixtures

• 1C912 Europium-related items

• • 1C912.a. Europium metal, europium-containing alloys, and related products
  • 1C912.b. Europium oxide and its mixtures
  • 1C912.c. Europium-containing compounds and their mixtures

• 1C913 Ytterbium-related items

• • 1C913.a. Ytterbium metal, ytterbium-containing alloys, and related products
  • 1C913.b. Ytterbium oxide and its mixtures
  • 1C913.c. Ytterbium-containing compounds and their mixtures

For detailed item descriptions, see:

http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/zwgk/zcfb/art/2025/art_59ec4f6bec0b459aa4a30c4bbd0a41c1.html

Ministry of Commerce General Administration of Customs Announcement No. 58 of 2025: Decision on Imposing Export Controls on Items Related to Lithium Batteries and Artificial Graphite Anode Materials

Controlled items include:

• Lithium Battery Related Items

• • 3A001. Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (including cells and battery packs) with a gravimetric energy density ≥ 300 Wh/kg
  • 3B901.a. Equipment for manufacturing rechargeable lithium-ion batteries
  • 3E901.a. Technology for producing items controlled under 3A001

• Cathode Material Related Items

• • 3C901.a.1. Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathode material with a compaction density ≥ 2.5 g/cm³ and a gram capacity ≥ 156 mAh/g
  • 3C901.a.2. Precursor related items for ternary cathode materials
  • 3C901.a.3. Lithium-rich manganese-based cathode materials
  • 3B901.b. Equipment for manufacturing cathode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries

• Graphite Anode Material Related Items

• • 3C901.b.1. Artificial graphite anode material
  • 3C902.b.2. Anode materials mixing artificial graphite and natural graphite
  • 3B901.c.1. Granulation process equipment for producing graphite anode materials
  • 3B901.c.2. Graphitization equipment for producing graphite anode materials
  • 3B901.c.3. Coating modification equipment for producing graphite anode materials
  • 3E901.b. Processes and technology for producing graphite anode materials

For detailed item descriptions, see:

http://www.mofcom.gov.cn/zwgk/zcfb/art/2025/art_79646f0161564975a938fe00fee158d5.html

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