PPWR imposes on all companies placing packaging on the EU market a full chain of obligations spanning substances, design, and recyclability. Medical device companies are not bystanders, although, given the special nature of their products, the primary packaging in direct contact with the product enjoys certain relaxations concerning "recyclability" and "recycled content", but core responsibilities such as minimization, hazardous substances, labeling, EPR, and the Declaration of Conformity apply in full. There is therefore no such thing as a complete exemption for medical device packaging under the PPWR framework.